The United States has the highest documented incarceration rate and largest prison population in the world.[299] The Department of Justice said that the imprisonment rate for all prisoners sentenced to more than a year in state or federal facilities in 2019 stood at 419 per 100,000 residents which was at its lowest point since 1995 and that the total prison population for the same year stood at 1,430,800 which represented an 11% decrease in the population size from a decade earlier.[300] Other sources such as the Prison Policy Initiative had put the aggregate number of prisoners in 2020 at 2.3 million.[301] According to the Federal Bureau of Prisons, the majority of inmates held in federal prisons are convicted of drug offenses.[302] Efforts to reduce the prison population include government policies and grassroots initiatives that promote decarceration — recent examples include laws at the federal and state level such as the Fair Sentencing Act, First Step Act, Maryland's Justice Reinvestment Act and California's Money Bail Reform Act. About 9% of prisoners are held in privatized prisons,[301] a practice beginning in the 1980s and a subject of contention.[303] On January 26, 2021, the Biden Administration signed an executive order that halted the renewal of federal government contracts with private prisons,[304][305] but it did not apply to detention centers that held undocumented immigrants.[306]